Unix for the DBA
Unix for the DBA
How to kill all similar processes with single command (in this case opmn)
ps -ef | grep opmn |grep -v grep | awk ‘{print $2}’ |xargs -i kill -9 {}
Locating Files under a particular directory
find . -print |grep -i test.sql
Using AWK in UNIX
To remove a specific column of output from a UNIX command – for example to determine the UNIX process Ids for all Oracle processes on server (second column)
ps -ef |grep -i oracle |awk '{ print $2 }'
Changing the standard prompt for Oracle Users
Edit the .profile for the oracle user
PS1="`hostname`*$ORACLE_SID:$PWD>"
Display top 10 CPU consumers using the ps command
/usr/ucb/ps auxgw | head -11
Show number of active Oracle dedicated connection users for a particular ORACLE_SID
ps -ef | grep $ORACLE_SID|grep -v grep|grep -v ora_|wc -l
Display the number of CPU’s in Solaris
psrinfo -v | grep "Status of processor"|wc -l
Display the number of CPU’s in AIX
lsdev -C | grep Process|wc -l
Display RAM Memory size on Solaris
prtconf |grep -i mem
Display RAM memory size on AIX
First determine name of memory device
lsdev -C |grep mem
then assuming the name of the memory device is ‘mem0’
lsattr -El mem0
Swap space allocation and usage
Solaris : swap -s or swap -lAix : lsps -a
Total number of semaphores held by all instances on server
ipcs -as | awk '{sum += $9} END {print sum}'
View allocated RAM memory segments
ipcs -pmb
Manually deallocate shared memeory segments
ipcrm -m ''
Show mount points for a disk in AIX
lspv -l hdisk13
Display amount of occupied space (in KB) for a file or collection of files in a directory or sub-directory
du -ks * | sort -n| tail
Display total file space in a directory
du -ks .
Cleanup any unwanted trace files more than seven days old
find . *.trc -mtime +7 -exec rm {} \;
Locate Oracle files that contain certain strings
find . -print | xargs grep rollback
Locate recently created UNIX files (in the past one day)
find . -mtime -1 -print
Finding large files on the server (more than 100MB in size)
find . -size +102400 -print
Crontab :
To submit a task every Tuesday (day 2) at 2:45PM
45 14 2 * * /opt/oracle/scripts/tr_listener.sh > /dev/null 2>&1
To submit a task to run every 15 minutes on weekdays (days 1-5)
15,30,45 * 1-5 * * /opt/oracle/scripts/tr_listener.sh > /dev/null 2>&1
To submit a task to run every hour at 15 minutes past the hour on weekends (days 6 and 0)
15 * 0,6 * * opt/oracle/scripts/tr_listener.sh > /dev/null 2>&1
SRVCTL:
srvctl command target [options]
commands: enable|disable|start|stop|relocate|status|add|remove|
modify|getenv|setenv|unsetenv|config
targets: database/db|instance/inst|service/serv|nodeapps|asm|listener
srvctl -help or srvctl -v
srvctl -V -- prints version
srvctl version: 10.2.0.0.0 (or) srvctl version: 11.0.0.0.0
srvctl -h -- print usage
srvctl status service –h
Database:
srvctl add database -d db_name -o ORACLE_HOME [-m domain_name][-p spfile] [-A name|ip/netmask]
[-r {PRIMARY|PHYSICAL_STANDBY|LOGICAL_STANDBY|SNAPSHOT_STANDBY}]
[-s start_options] [-n db_name] [-y {AUTOMATIC|MANUAL}]
srvctl remove database -d db_name [-f]
srvctl start database -d db_name [-o start_options] [-c connect_str | -q]
srvctl start database -d db_name [-o open]
srvctl start database -d db_name -o nomount
srvctl start database -d db_name -o mount
srvctl start db -d prod
srvctl stop database -d db_name [-o stop_options] [-c connect_str | -q]
srvctl stop database -d db_name [-o normal]
srvctl stop database -d db_name -o transactional
srvctl stop database -d db_name -o immediate
srvctl stop database -d db_name -o abort
srvctl status database -d db_name [-f] [-v] [-S level]
srvctl status database -d db_name -v service_name
srvctl status database -d hrms
srvctl enable database -d db_name
srvctl disable database -d db_name
srvctl config database
srvctl config database -d db_name [-a] [-t]
srvctl modify database -d db_name [-n db_name] [-o ORACLE_HOME] [-m domain_name] [-p spfile]
[-r {PRIMARY|PHYSICAL_STANDBY|LOGICAL_STANDBY|SNAPSHOT_STANDBY}] [-s start_options] [-y {AUTOMATIC|MANUAL}]
srvctl modify database -d hrms -r physical_standby
srvctl modify db -d RAC -p /u03/oradata/RAC/spfileRAC.ora -- moves parameter file
srvctl getenv database -d db_name [-t name_list]
srvctl setenv database -d db_name {-t name=val[,name=val,...]|-T name=val}
srvctl unsetenv database -d db_name [-t name_list]
Instance:
srvctl add instance –d db_name –i inst_name -n node_name
srvctl remove instance –d db_name –i inst_name [-f]
srvctl start instance -d db_name -i inst_names [-o start_options] [-c connect_str | -q]
srvctl start instance –d db_name –i inst_names [-o open]
srvctl start instance –d db_name –i inst_names -o nomount
srvctl start instance –d db_name –i inst_names -o mount
srvctl start instance –d prod -i prod3
srvctl stop instance -d db_name -i inst_names [-o stop_options] [-c connect_str | -q]
srvctl stop instance –d db_name –i inst_names [-o normal]
srvctl stop instance –d db_name –i inst_names -o transactional
srvctl stop instance –d db_name –i inst_names -o immediate
srvctl stop instance –d db_name –i inst_names -o abort
srvctl stop inst –d prod -i prod6
srvctl status instance –d db_name –i inst_names [-f] [-v] [-S level]
srvctl status inst –d racdb -i racdb2
srvctl enable instance –d db_name –i inst_names
srvctl disable instance –d db_name –i inst_names
srvctl modify instance -d db_name -i inst_name {-s asm_inst_name|-r} -- set a dependency of instance to ASM
srvctl modify instance -d db_name -i inst_name -n node_name -- move the instance
srvctl modify instance -d db_name -i inst_name -r -- remove the instance
srvctl getenv instance –d db_name –i inst_name [-t name_list]
srvctl setenv instance –d db_name [–i inst_name] {-t "name=val[,name=val,...]" | -T "name=val"}
srvctl unsetenv instance –d db_name [–i inst_name] [-t name_list]
Service:
srvctl add service -d db_name -s service_name -r pref_insts [-a avail_insts] [-P TAF_policy]
srvctl add service -d db_name -s service_name -u {-r "new_pref_inst" | -a "new_avail_inst"}
srvctl add service -d RAC -s PRD -r RAC01,RAC02 -a RAC03,RAC04
srvctl add serv -d CRM -s CRM -r CRM1 -a CRM3 -P basic
srvctl remove service -d db_name -s service_name [-i inst_name] [-f]
srvctl start service -d db_name [-s service_names [-i inst_name]] [-o start_options]
srvctl start service -d db_name -s service_names [-o open]
srvctl start service -d db_name -s service_names -o nomount
srvctl start service -d db_name -s service_names -o mount
srvctl stop service -d db_name [-s service_names [-i inst_name]] [-f]
srvctl status service -d db_name [-s service_names] [-f] [-v] [-S level]
srvctl enable service -d db_name -s service_names [–i inst_name]
srvctl disable service -d db_name -s service_names [–i inst_name]
srvctl config service -d db_name [-s service_name] [-a] [-S level]
srvctl config service -d db_name -a -- -a shows TAF configuration
srvctl config service -d WEBTST -s webtest PREF:WEBTST1 AVAIL:WEBTST2
srvctl modify service -d db_name -s service_name -i old_inst_name -t new_inst_name [-f]
srvctl modify service -d db_name -s service_name -i avail_inst_name -r [-f]
srvctl modify service -d db_name -s service_name -n -i preferred_list [-a available_list] [-f]
srvctl modify service -d db_name -s service_name -i old_inst_name -a avail_inst -P TAF_policy
srvctl modify serv -d PROD -s SDW -n -i I1,I2,I3,I4 -a I5,I6
srvctl relocate service -d db_name -s service_name –i old_inst_name -t target_inst [-f]
srvctl getenv service -d db_name -s service_name -t name_list
srvctl setenv service -d db_name [-s service_name] {-t "name=val[,name=val,...]" | -T "name=val"}
srvctl unsetenv service -d db_name -s service_name -t name_list
Nodeapps:
#srvctl add nodeapps -n node_name -o ORACLE_HOME -A name|ip/netmask[/if1[|if2|...]]
#srvctl add nodeapps -n lnx02 -o $ORACLE_HOME -A 192.168.0.151/255.255.0.0/eth0
#srvctl remove nodeapps -n node_names [-f]
#srvctl start nodeapps -n node_name -- Starts GSD, VIP, listener & ONS
#srvctl stop nodeapps -n node_name [-r] -- Stops GSD, VIP, listener & ONS
#srvctl status nodeapps -n node_name
#srvctl config nodeapps -n node_name [-a] [-g] [-o] [-s] [-l]
#srvctl modify nodeapps -n node_name [-A new_vip_address]
#srvctl modify nodeapps -n lnx06 -A 10.50.99.43/255.255.252.0/eth0
#srvctl getenv nodeapps -n node_name [-t name_list]
#srvctl setenv nodeapps -n node_name {-t "name=val[,name=val,...]"|-T "name=val"}
#srvctl unsetenv nodeapps -n node_name [-t name_list]
ASM:
srvctl add asm -n node_name -i asminstance -o ORACLE_HOME [-p spfile]
srvctl remove asm -n node_name [-i asminstance] [-f]
srvctl start asm -n node_name [-i asminstance] [-o start_options] [-c connect_str | -q]
srvctl start asm -n node_name -i asminstance [-o open]
srvctl start asm -n node_name -i asminstance -o nomount
srvctl start asm -n node_name -i asminstance -o mount
srvctl stop asm -n node_name [-i asminstance] [-o stop_options] [-c connect_str | -q]
srvctl stop asm -n node_name -i asminstance [-o normal]
srvctl stop asm -n node_name -i asminstance -o transactional
srvctl stop asm -n node_name -i asminstance -o immediate
srvctl stop asm -n node_name -i asminstance -o abort
srvctl status asm -n node_name
srvctl enable asm -n node_name [-i asminstance]
srvctl disable asm -n node_name [-i asminstance]
srvctl config asm -n node_name
srvctl modify asm -n node_name -i asminstance [-o ORACLE_HOME] [-p spfile]
Listener:
srvctl add listener -n node_name -o ORACLE_HOME [-l listener_name]
-- 11g command
srvctl remove listener -n node_name [-l listener_name] -- 11g command
srvctl start listener -n node_name [-l listener_names]
srvctl stop listener -n node_name [-l listener_names]
srvctl config listener -n node_name
How to kill all similar processes with single command (in this case opmn)
ps -ef | grep opmn |grep -v grep | awk ‘{print $2}’ |xargs -i kill -9 {}
Locating Files under a particular directory
find . -print |grep -i test.sql
Using AWK in UNIX
To remove a specific column of output from a UNIX command – for example to determine the UNIX process Ids for all Oracle processes on server (second column)
ps -ef |grep -i oracle |awk '{ print $2 }'
Changing the standard prompt for Oracle Users
Edit the .profile for the oracle user
PS1="`hostname`*$ORACLE_SID:$PWD>"
Display top 10 CPU consumers using the ps command
/usr/ucb/ps auxgw | head -11
Show number of active Oracle dedicated connection users for a particular ORACLE_SID
ps -ef | grep $ORACLE_SID|grep -v grep|grep -v ora_|wc -l
Display the number of CPU’s in Solaris
psrinfo -v | grep "Status of processor"|wc -l
Display the number of CPU’s in AIX
lsdev -C | grep Process|wc -l
Display RAM Memory size on Solaris
prtconf |grep -i mem
Display RAM memory size on AIX
First determine name of memory device
lsdev -C |grep mem
then assuming the name of the memory device is ‘mem0’
lsattr -El mem0
Swap space allocation and usage
Solaris : swap -s or swap -lAix : lsps -a
Total number of semaphores held by all instances on server
ipcs -as | awk '{sum += $9} END {print sum}'
View allocated RAM memory segments
ipcs -pmb
Manually deallocate shared memeory segments
ipcrm -m ''
Show mount points for a disk in AIX
lspv -l hdisk13
Display amount of occupied space (in KB) for a file or collection of files in a directory or sub-directory
du -ks * | sort -n| tail
Display total file space in a directory
du -ks .
Cleanup any unwanted trace files more than seven days old
find . *.trc -mtime +7 -exec rm {} \;
Locate Oracle files that contain certain strings
find . -print | xargs grep rollback
Locate recently created UNIX files (in the past one day)
find . -mtime -1 -print
Finding large files on the server (more than 100MB in size)
find . -size +102400 -print
Crontab :
To submit a task every Tuesday (day 2) at 2:45PM
45 14 2 * * /opt/oracle/scripts/tr_listener.sh > /dev/null 2>&1
To submit a task to run every 15 minutes on weekdays (days 1-5)
15,30,45 * 1-5 * * /opt/oracle/scripts/tr_listener.sh > /dev/null 2>&1
To submit a task to run every hour at 15 minutes past the hour on weekends (days 6 and 0)
15 * 0,6 * * opt/oracle/scripts/tr_listener.sh > /dev/null 2>&1
SRVCTL:
srvctl command target [options]
commands: enable|disable|start|stop|relocate|status|add|remove|
modify|getenv|setenv|unsetenv|config
targets: database/db|instance/inst|service/serv|nodeapps|asm|listener
srvctl -help or srvctl -v
srvctl -V -- prints version
srvctl version: 10.2.0.0.0 (or) srvctl version: 11.0.0.0.0
srvctl -h -- print usage
srvctl status service –h
Database:
srvctl add database -d db_name -o ORACLE_HOME [-m domain_name][-p spfile] [-A name|ip/netmask]
[-r {PRIMARY|PHYSICAL_STANDBY|LOGICAL_STANDBY|SNAPSHOT_STANDBY}]
[-s start_options] [-n db_name] [-y {AUTOMATIC|MANUAL}]
srvctl remove database -d db_name [-f]
srvctl start database -d db_name [-o start_options] [-c connect_str | -q]
srvctl start database -d db_name [-o open]
srvctl start database -d db_name -o nomount
srvctl start database -d db_name -o mount
srvctl start db -d prod
srvctl stop database -d db_name [-o stop_options] [-c connect_str | -q]
srvctl stop database -d db_name [-o normal]
srvctl stop database -d db_name -o transactional
srvctl stop database -d db_name -o immediate
srvctl stop database -d db_name -o abort
srvctl status database -d db_name [-f] [-v] [-S level]
srvctl status database -d db_name -v service_name
srvctl status database -d hrms
srvctl enable database -d db_name
srvctl disable database -d db_name
srvctl config database
srvctl config database -d db_name [-a] [-t]
srvctl modify database -d db_name [-n db_name] [-o ORACLE_HOME] [-m domain_name] [-p spfile]
[-r {PRIMARY|PHYSICAL_STANDBY|LOGICAL_STANDBY|SNAPSHOT_STANDBY}] [-s start_options] [-y {AUTOMATIC|MANUAL}]
srvctl modify database -d hrms -r physical_standby
srvctl modify db -d RAC -p /u03/oradata/RAC/spfileRAC.ora -- moves parameter file
srvctl getenv database -d db_name [-t name_list]
srvctl setenv database -d db_name {-t name=val[,name=val,...]|-T name=val}
srvctl unsetenv database -d db_name [-t name_list]
Instance:
srvctl add instance –d db_name –i inst_name -n node_name
srvctl remove instance –d db_name –i inst_name [-f]
srvctl start instance -d db_name -i inst_names [-o start_options] [-c connect_str | -q]
srvctl start instance –d db_name –i inst_names [-o open]
srvctl start instance –d db_name –i inst_names -o nomount
srvctl start instance –d db_name –i inst_names -o mount
srvctl start instance –d prod -i prod3
srvctl stop instance -d db_name -i inst_names [-o stop_options] [-c connect_str | -q]
srvctl stop instance –d db_name –i inst_names [-o normal]
srvctl stop instance –d db_name –i inst_names -o transactional
srvctl stop instance –d db_name –i inst_names -o immediate
srvctl stop instance –d db_name –i inst_names -o abort
srvctl stop inst –d prod -i prod6
srvctl status instance –d db_name –i inst_names [-f] [-v] [-S level]
srvctl status inst –d racdb -i racdb2
srvctl enable instance –d db_name –i inst_names
srvctl disable instance –d db_name –i inst_names
srvctl modify instance -d db_name -i inst_name {-s asm_inst_name|-r} -- set a dependency of instance to ASM
srvctl modify instance -d db_name -i inst_name -n node_name -- move the instance
srvctl modify instance -d db_name -i inst_name -r -- remove the instance
srvctl getenv instance –d db_name –i inst_name [-t name_list]
srvctl setenv instance –d db_name [–i inst_name] {-t "name=val[,name=val,...]" | -T "name=val"}
srvctl unsetenv instance –d db_name [–i inst_name] [-t name_list]
Service:
srvctl add service -d db_name -s service_name -r pref_insts [-a avail_insts] [-P TAF_policy]
srvctl add service -d db_name -s service_name -u {-r "new_pref_inst" | -a "new_avail_inst"}
srvctl add service -d RAC -s PRD -r RAC01,RAC02 -a RAC03,RAC04
srvctl add serv -d CRM -s CRM -r CRM1 -a CRM3 -P basic
srvctl remove service -d db_name -s service_name [-i inst_name] [-f]
srvctl start service -d db_name [-s service_names [-i inst_name]] [-o start_options]
srvctl start service -d db_name -s service_names [-o open]
srvctl start service -d db_name -s service_names -o nomount
srvctl start service -d db_name -s service_names -o mount
srvctl stop service -d db_name [-s service_names [-i inst_name]] [-f]
srvctl status service -d db_name [-s service_names] [-f] [-v] [-S level]
srvctl enable service -d db_name -s service_names [–i inst_name]
srvctl disable service -d db_name -s service_names [–i inst_name]
srvctl config service -d db_name [-s service_name] [-a] [-S level]
srvctl config service -d db_name -a -- -a shows TAF configuration
srvctl config service -d WEBTST -s webtest PREF:WEBTST1 AVAIL:WEBTST2
srvctl modify service -d db_name -s service_name -i old_inst_name -t new_inst_name [-f]
srvctl modify service -d db_name -s service_name -i avail_inst_name -r [-f]
srvctl modify service -d db_name -s service_name -n -i preferred_list [-a available_list] [-f]
srvctl modify service -d db_name -s service_name -i old_inst_name -a avail_inst -P TAF_policy
srvctl modify serv -d PROD -s SDW -n -i I1,I2,I3,I4 -a I5,I6
srvctl relocate service -d db_name -s service_name –i old_inst_name -t target_inst [-f]
srvctl getenv service -d db_name -s service_name -t name_list
srvctl setenv service -d db_name [-s service_name] {-t "name=val[,name=val,...]" | -T "name=val"}
srvctl unsetenv service -d db_name -s service_name -t name_list
Nodeapps:
#srvctl add nodeapps -n node_name -o ORACLE_HOME -A name|ip/netmask[/if1[|if2|...]]
#srvctl add nodeapps -n lnx02 -o $ORACLE_HOME -A 192.168.0.151/255.255.0.0/eth0
#srvctl remove nodeapps -n node_names [-f]
#srvctl start nodeapps -n node_name -- Starts GSD, VIP, listener & ONS
#srvctl stop nodeapps -n node_name [-r] -- Stops GSD, VIP, listener & ONS
#srvctl status nodeapps -n node_name
#srvctl config nodeapps -n node_name [-a] [-g] [-o] [-s] [-l]
#srvctl modify nodeapps -n node_name [-A new_vip_address]
#srvctl modify nodeapps -n lnx06 -A 10.50.99.43/255.255.252.0/eth0
#srvctl getenv nodeapps -n node_name [-t name_list]
#srvctl setenv nodeapps -n node_name {-t "name=val[,name=val,...]"|-T "name=val"}
#srvctl unsetenv nodeapps -n node_name [-t name_list]
ASM:
srvctl add asm -n node_name -i asminstance -o ORACLE_HOME [-p spfile]
srvctl remove asm -n node_name [-i asminstance] [-f]
srvctl start asm -n node_name [-i asminstance] [-o start_options] [-c connect_str | -q]
srvctl start asm -n node_name -i asminstance [-o open]
srvctl start asm -n node_name -i asminstance -o nomount
srvctl start asm -n node_name -i asminstance -o mount
srvctl stop asm -n node_name [-i asminstance] [-o stop_options] [-c connect_str | -q]
srvctl stop asm -n node_name -i asminstance [-o normal]
srvctl stop asm -n node_name -i asminstance -o transactional
srvctl stop asm -n node_name -i asminstance -o immediate
srvctl stop asm -n node_name -i asminstance -o abort
srvctl status asm -n node_name
srvctl enable asm -n node_name [-i asminstance]
srvctl disable asm -n node_name [-i asminstance]
srvctl config asm -n node_name
srvctl modify asm -n node_name -i asminstance [-o ORACLE_HOME] [-p spfile]
Listener:
srvctl add listener -n node_name -o ORACLE_HOME [-l listener_name]
-- 11g command
srvctl remove listener -n node_name [-l listener_name] -- 11g command
srvctl start listener -n node_name [-l listener_names]
srvctl stop listener -n node_name [-l listener_names]
srvctl config listener -n node_name
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